// Copyright 2009 by Frederick Manligas Nacino. Some rights reserved. // This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify // it under the terms of the Lesser GNU General Public License as published // by the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or // (at your option) any later version. // This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, // but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of // MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the // Lesser GNU General Public License for more details. // See http://www.gnu.org/licenses/. // Visit the project page at http://www.celledoor.com/cpdv-ebe/. // Legal usage requires this notice always remain in place. Do not remove. var r1 = 'An ancient man rebuke not, but entreat him as a father: young men, as brethren:
'; var p1 = 'Don’t rebuke an older man, but exhort him as a father; the younger men as brothers;
Rebuke not an elder, but intreat him as a father; and the younger men as brethren;
'; var v_en1 = 'Seniorem ne increpaveris, sed obsecra ut patrem: iuvenes, ut fratres:
'+r1; var v_ln1 = 'You should not rebuke an old man, but rather plead with him, as if he were your father; with young men, like brothers;
'+r1; var r2 = 'Old women, as mothers: young women, as sisters, in all chastity.
'; var p2 = 'the elder women as mothers; the younger as sisters, in all purity.
The elder women as mothers; the younger as sisters, with all purity.
'; var v_en2 = 'anus, ut matres: iuvenculas, ut sorores in omni castitate:
'+r2; var v_ln2 = 'with old women, like mothers; with young women, in all chastity, like sisters.
'+r2; var r3 = 'Honour widows, that are widows indeed.
'; var p3 = 'Honor widows who are widows indeed.
Honour widows that are widows indeed.
'; var v_en3 = 'Viduas honora, qu? vere vidu? sunt.
'+r3; var v_ln3 = 'Honor those widows who are true widows.
'+r3; var r4 = 'But if any widow have children, or grandchildren, let her learn first to govern her own house, and to make a return of duty to her parents: for this is acceptable before God.
'; var p4 = 'But if any widow has children or grandchildren, let them learn first to show piety towards their own family, and to repay their parents, for this is acceptable in the sight of God.
But if any widow have children or nephews, let them learn first to shew piety at home, and to requite their parents: for that is good and acceptable before God.
'; var v_en4 = 'Si qua autem vidua filios, aut nepotes habet: discat primum domum suam regere, et mutuam vicem reddere parentibus: hoc enim acceptum est coram Deo.
'+r4; var v_ln4 = 'But if any widow has children or grandchildren, let her first learn to manage her own household, and to fulfill, in turn, her own obligation to her parents; for this is acceptable before God.
'+r4; var r5 = 'But she that is a widow indeed, and desolate, let her trust in God, and continue in supplications and prayers night and day.
'; var p5 = 'Now she who is a widow indeed, and desolate, has her hope set on God, and continues in petitions and prayers night and day.
Now she that is a widow indeed, and desolate, trusteth in God, and continueth in supplications and prayers night and day.
'; var v_en5 = 'Qu? autem vere vidua est, et desolata, speret in Deum, et instet obsecrationibus, et orationibus nocte ac die.
'+r5; var v_ln5 = 'But she who is truly a widow and is destitute, let her hope in God, and let her be urgent in supplications and prayers, night and day.
'+r5; var r6 = 'For she that liveth in pleasures, is dead while she is living.
'; var p6 = 'But she who gives herself to pleasure is dead while she lives.
But she that liveth in pleasure is dead while she liveth.
'; var v_en6 = 'Nam qu? in deliciis est, vivens mortua est.
'+r6; var v_ln6 = 'For she who is living in pleasures is dead, while living.
'+r6; var r7 = 'And this give in charge, that they may be blameless.
'; var p7 = 'Also command these things, that they may be without reproach.
And these things give in charge, that they may be blameless.
'; var v_en7 = 'Et hoc pr?cipe ut irreprehensibiles sint.
'+r7; var v_ln7 = 'And give instruction in this, so that they may be beyond reproach.
'+r7; var r8 = 'But if any man have not care of his own, and especially of those of his house, he hath denied the faith, and is worse than an infidel.
'; var p8 = 'But if anyone doesn’t provide for his own, and especially his own household, he has denied the faith, and is worse than an unbeliever.
But if any provide not for his own, and specially for those of his own house, he hath denied the faith, and is worse than an infidel.
'; var v_en8 = 'Si quis autem suorum, et maxime domesticorum curam non habet, fidem negavit, et est infideli deterior.
'+r8; var v_ln8 = 'But if anyone has no concern for his own, and especially for those of his own household, he has denied the faith, and he is worse than an unbeliever.
'+r8; var r9 = 'Let a widow be chosen of no less than threescore years of age, who hath been the wife of one husband.
'; var p9 = 'Let no one be enrolled as a widow under sixty years old, having been the wife of one man,
Let not a widow be taken into the number under threescore years old, having been the wife of one man,
'; var v_en9 = 'Vidua eligatur non minus sexaginta annorum, qu? fuerit unius viri uxor,
'+r9; var v_ln9 = 'Let a widow be chosen who is no less than sixty years of age, who was the wife of one husband,
'+r9; var r10 = 'Having testimony for her good works, if she have brought up children, if she have received to harbour, if she have washed the saints\' feet, if she have ministered to them that suffer tribulation, if she have diligently followed every good work.
'; var p10 = 'being approved by good works, if she has brought up children, if she has been hospitable to strangers, if she has washed the saints’ feet, if she has relieved the afflicted, and if she has diligently followed every good work.
Well reported of for good works; if she have brought up children, if she have lodged strangers, if she have washed the saints’ feet, if she have relieved the afflicted, if she have diligently followed every good work.
'; var v_en10 = 'in operibus bonis testimonium habens, si filios educavit, si hospitio recepit, si sanctorum pedes lavit, si tribulationem patientibus subministravit, si omne opus bonum subsecuta est.
'+r10; var v_ln10 = 'who has testimony of her good works: whether she has educated children, or has provided hospitality, or has washed the feet of the saints, or has ministered to those suffering tribulation, or has pursued any kind of good work.
'+r10; var r11 = 'But the younger widows avoid. For when they have grown wanton in Christ, they will marry:
'; var p11 = 'But refuse younger widows, for when they have grown wanton against Christ, they desire to marry;
But the younger widows refuse: for when they have begun to wax wanton against Christ, they will marry;
'; var v_en11 = 'Adolescentiores autem viduas devita: Cum enim luxuriat? fuerint in Christo, nubere volunt:
'+r11; var v_ln11 = 'But avoid the younger widows. For once they have flourished in Christ, they will want to marry,
'+r11; var r12 = 'Having damnation, because they have made void their first faith.
'; var p12 = 'having condemnation, because they have rejected their first pledge.
Having damnation, because they have cast off their first faith.
'; var v_en12 = 'habentes damnationem, quia primam fidem irritam fecerunt.
'+r12; var v_ln12 = 'resulting in damnation, because they have disregarded the primacy of faith.
'+r12; var r13 = 'And withal being idle they learn to go about from house to house: and are not only idle, but tattlers also, and busybodies, speaking things which they ought not.
'; var p13 = 'Besides, they also learn to be idle, going about from house to house. Not only idle, but also gossips and busybodies, saying things which they ought not.
And withal they learn to be idle, wandering about from house to house; and not only idle, but tattlers also and busybodies, speaking things which they ought not.
'; var v_en13 = 'Simul autem et otios? discunt circuire domos: non solum otios?, sed et verbos?, et curios?, loquentes qu? non oportet.
'+r13; var v_ln13 = 'And being at the same time also idle, they learn to go from house to house, being not only idle, but also talkative and curious, speaking of things which do not concern them.
'+r13; var r14 = 'I will therefore that the younger should marry, bear children, be mistresses of families, give no occasion to the adversary to speak evil.
'; var p14 = 'I desire therefore that the younger widows marry, bear children, rule the household, and give no occasion to the adversary for insulting.
I will therefore that the younger women marry, bear children, guide the house, give none occasion to the adversary to speak reproachfully.
'; var v_en14 = 'Volo ergo iuniores nubere, filios procreare, matresfamilias esse, nullam occasionem dare adversario maledicti gratia.
'+r14; var v_ln14 = 'Therefore, I want the younger women to marry, to procreate children, to be mothers of families, to provide no ready opportunity for the adversary to speak evil.
'+r14; var r15 = 'For some are already turned aside after Satan.
'; var p15 = 'For already some have turned aside after Satan.
For some are already turned aside after Satan.
'; var v_en15 = 'Iam enim qu?dam convers? sunt retro Satanam.
'+r15; var v_ln15 = 'For certain ones have already been turned back to Satan.
'+r15; var r16 = 'If any of the faithful have widows, let him minister to them, and let not the church be charged: that there may be sufficient for them that are widows indeed.
'; var p16 = 'If any man or woman who believes has widows, let them relieve them, and don’t let the assembly be burdened; that it might relieve those who are widows indeed.
If any man or woman that believeth have widows, let them relieve them, and let not the church be charged; that it may relieve them that are widows indeed.
'; var v_en16 = 'Si quis fidelis habet viduas, subministret illis, et non gravetur Ecclesia: ut iis, qu? vere vidu? sunt, sufficiat.
'+r16; var v_ln16 = 'If any among the faithful have widows, let him minister to them and not burden the Church, so that there may be enough for those who are true widows.
'+r16; var r17 = 'Let the priests that rule well, be esteemed worthy of double honour: especially they who labour in the word and doctrine:
'; var p17 = 'Let the elders who rule well be counted worthy of double honor, especially those who labor in the word and in teaching.
Let the elders that rule well be counted worthy of double honour, especially they who labour in the word and doctrine.
'; var v_en17 = 'Qui bene pr?sunt presbyteri, duplici honore digni habeantur: maxime qui laborant in verbo et doctrina.
'+r17; var v_ln17 = 'Let priests who lead well be held worthy of twice the honor, especially those who labor in the Word and in doctrine.
'+r17; var r18 = 'For the scripture saith: Thou shalt not muzzle the ox that treadeth out the corn: and, The labourer is worthy of his reward.
'; var p18 = 'For the Scripture says, “You shall not muzzle the ox when it treads out the grain.” And, “The laborer is worthy of his wages.”
For the scripture saith, Thou shalt not muzzle the ox that treadeth out the corn. And, The labourer isworthy of his reward.
'; var v_en18 = 'Dicit enim Scriptura: Non alligabis os bovi trituranti. Et: Dignus est operarius mercede sua.
'+r18; var v_ln18 = 'For Scripture says: “You shall not muzzle an ox as it is treading out the grain,” and, “The worker is worthy of his pay.”
'+r18; var r19 = 'Against a priest receive not an accusation, but under two or three witnesses.
'; var p19 = 'Don’t receive an accusation against an elder, except at the word of two or three witnesses.
Against an elder receive not an accusation, but before two or three witnesses.
'; var v_en19 = 'Adversus presbyterum accusationem noli recipere, nisi sub duobus aut tribus testibus.
'+r19; var v_ln19 = 'Do not be willing to accept an accusation against a priest, except under two or three witnesses.
'+r19; var r20 = 'Them that sin reprove before all: that the rest also may have fear.
'; var p20 = 'Those who sin, reprove in the sight of all, that the rest also may be in fear.
Them that sin rebuke before all, that others also may fear.
'; var v_en20 = 'Peccantes coram omnibus argue: ut et ceteri timorem habeant.
'+r20; var v_ln20 = 'Reprove sinners in the sight of everyone, so that the others may have fear.
'+r20; var r21 = 'I charge thee before God, and Christ Jesus, and the elect angels, that thou observe these things without prejudice, doing nothing by declining to either side.
'; var p21 = 'I command you in the sight of God, and Christ Jesus, and the chosen angels, that you observe these things without prejudice, doing nothing by partiality.
I charge thee before God, and the Lord Jesus Christ, and the elect angels, that thou observe these things without preferring one before another, doing nothing by partiality.
'; var v_en21 = 'Testor coram Deo et Christo Iesu, et electis Angelis, ut h?c custodias sine pr?iudicio, nihil faciens in alteram partem declinando.
'+r21; var v_ln21 = 'I testify before God and Christ Jesus and the elect Angels, that you should observe these things without prejudgment, doing nothing which shows favoritism to either side.
'+r21; var r22 = 'Impose not hands lightly upon any man, neither be partaker of other men\'s sins. Keep thyself chaste.
'; var p22 = 'Lay hands hastily on no one, neither be a participant in other men’s sins. Keep yourself pure.
Lay hands suddenly on no man, neither be partaker of other men’s sins: keep thyself pure.
'; var v_en22 = 'Manus cito nemini imposueris, neque communicaveris peccatis alienis. Teipsum castum custodi.
'+r22; var v_ln22 = 'You should not be quick to impose hands on anyone, nor should you take part in the sins of outsiders. Keep yourself chaste.
'+r22; var r23 = 'Do not still drink water, but use a little wine for thy stomach\'s sake, and thy frequent infirmities.
'; var p23 = 'Be no longer a drinker of water only, but use a little wine for your stomach’s sake and your frequent infirmities.
Drink no longer water, but use a little wine for thy stomach’s sake and thine often infirmities.
'; var v_en23 = 'Noli adhuc aquam bibere, sed modico vino utere propter stomachum tuum, et frequentes tuas infirmitates.
'+r23; var v_ln23 = 'Do not continue to drink only water, but make use of a little wine, for the sake of your stomach and your frequent infirmities.
'+r23; var r24 = 'Some men\'s sins are manifest, going before to judgment: and some men they follow after.
'; var p24 = 'Some men’s sins are evident, preceding them to judgment, and some also follow later.
Some men’s sins are open beforehand, going before to judgment; and some men they follow after.
'; var v_en24 = 'Quorundam hominum peccata manifesta sunt, pr?cedentia ad iudicium: quosdam autem et subsequuntur.
'+r24; var v_ln24 = 'The sins of some men have been made manifest, preceding them to judgment, but those of others are manifested later.
'+r24; var r25 = 'In like manner also good deeds are manifest: and they that are otherwise, cannot be hid.
'; var p25 = 'In the same way also there are good works that are obvious, and those that are otherwise can’t be hidden.
Likewise also the good works of some are manifest beforehand; and they that are otherwise cannot be hid.
'; var v_en25 = 'Similiter et facta bona manifesta sunt: et qu? aliter se habent, abscondi non possunt.
'+r25; var v_ln25 = 'Similarly, too, good deeds have been made manifest, but even when they are not, they cannot remain hidden.
'+r25; var c1 = 'An old man. Here the word presbyter is not take as in other places, as a bishop or priest, but as an elderly man, who is otherwise to be dealt with than young men. (Witham)

We cannot sufficiently admire the tenderness and prudence of all this Saint\'s guidances. Criticism, under any circumstances, is always sufficiently painful, without being accompanied by harsh and unfeeling words and manners. Age, although not exempt from fault, should always be treated with tenderness and respect.
'; var c2 = 'A just medium must be observed in the guidance of the sex, avoiding equally an indiscreet severity or an affection too tender and bordering on sensuality. A just self-doubt in self is the best security.

All chastity refers to the heart, eyes, ears, words, looks, with the precautions of times and places.
'; var c3 = 'Honor those widows. To honor, here means to relieve and maintain. (Witham)
'; var c4 = 'Let her learn first, etc. He gives this as a mark to know if widows deserve to be maintained out of the common stock; if they have been careful of their own family, and to assist their parents, if still alive. In most Greek copies, and in the Syriac, is read, let them learn; i.e. let the children and grandchildren learn to govern their family, and to assist their parents, when they are widows; that, as it is said in 1 Tim 5:16, the Church may not be burdened with maintaining them. (Witham)

Let her render to her children the same good services she has received from her parents, that she may also expect from them what is her due as mother. (Theodoret)
'; var c5 = 'She who is truly a widow and is destitute, (destitute of help, as the Greek word implies) may be maintained; and then let her be constant in prayers and devotions night and day. (Witham)

Every Christian soul is a widow of Jesus Christ, who has been forcibly torn from her: and in her communications with Heaven she should offer up an afflicted and humbled heart— the heart of a widow. It is in this manner she will avoid the dangers of the world, and secure true life in unchangeable bliss. (Haydock)
'; var c6 = 'For she who is living in pleasure, (i.e. that seeks to live in ease and plenty) is dead while living, by the spiritual death of her soul in sin. See St. Chrysostom with no less eloquence than piety, expounding this riddle, as he terms it, that is to say, what it is to be at the same time alive and dead. (Witham)
'; var c8 = 'He has denied the faith, (not in words, but in his actions) and is worse than an unbeliever; nay, even than brutes, that take care of their young ones. (Witham)

Faith may be renounced either by words or by actions, when our conduct shows that in our hearts we really do not believe what would otherwise influence our lives. (Calmet)

We have a horror of the name of apostasy, and fear not its works. Is not this a Christian in appearance, and an infidel in heart?
'; var c9 = 'Not less than sixty years of age. Some think he speaks only of such a widow that was placed over all the rest: but the common exposition is of all those widows as were maintained in that manner, who made a vow of chastity, who assisted the ministers of the Church in looking to the poor, and in the administering baptism to women.

Who was the wife of one husband; i.e. has never been married but once. (Witham)
'; var c11 = 'As for the younger widows, do not admit them into that number; for once they have flourished in Christ, which may signify in the Church of Christ, or as others translate, against Christ; when they have been nourished in plenty, indulging their appetite in eating and drinking, in company and conversation, in private familiarities, and even sometimes in sacrilegious fornications against Christ and their vows, they are for marrying again. See St. Jerome. (Witham)
'; var c12 = 'Resulting, or incurring and making themselves liable to damnation, by a breach of the primacy of faith, their vow or promise, (Witham) by which they had engaged themselves to Christ. (Challoner)
'; var c13 = 'Idle, etc. He shows by what steps they fall. Neglecting their prayers, they give themselves to idleness; they go about visiting from house to house; they are carried away with curiosity to hear what passes, and speak what they should not of their neighbor\'s faults. (Witham)

The young widow that bears a near resemblance with this portrait, is not less to be lamented on her own account than feared and shunned on the account of others.
'; var c14 = 'The younger (widows) to marry. They who understand this of a command or exhortation to all widows to marry, make St. Paul contradict himself, and the advice he gave to widows 1 Cor 7:40 where he says, She (the widow) will be more blessed, if she remains... in accord to my counsel; and when it is there said, I would have all to be as myself. [See the notes on those places.] He can therefore only mean such young widows, of whom he is speaking, that are like to do worse. Therefore it is expounded by St. Jerome to Sabina: "Let her rather take a husband than the devil." And in another epistle, to Ageruchia: "It is better to take a second husband than many adulterers." St. Chrysostom on this verse: I will, or would have such to marry, because they themselves will do it. See also St. Augustine, de Bono viduitatis, chap. viii. (Witham)
'; var c15 = 'For certain ones have already been turned back to Satan, by breaking the vows they had made. "Yet it does not follow, (says St. Augustine in the same place de Bono viduitatis, chap. viii.) that they who abstain not from such sins may marry after their vows. They might indeed marry before they vowed; but this being done, unless they keep them they justly incur damnation." "Why is it, (he says again, on Psalm lxxv.) they made void their first faith? but that they made vows, and kept them not. But let not this (he says) make you abstain from such vows, for you are not to comply with them by your own strength; you will fall, if you presume on yourselves; but if you confide in him to whom you made these vows, you will securely comply with them." How different was the doctrine and practice of the first and chief of the late contending reformers, who were many of them apostates after such vows? (Witham)
'; var c17 = 'Priests, or ancient ministers, (i.e. bishops, priests, etc.) deserve twice the honor; i.e. to be more liberally supplied and maintained by the flock, especially when they labor in preaching the word.

You shall not muzzle, etc. See 1 Cor 9:9. (Witham)

It is the obligation of the faithful to provide a decent maintenance for their pastors, and the duty of pastors to be content with little. Happy the church where there is no further difference found than between the liberality of the former and the disinterestedness of the latter!
'; var c19 = 'Against a priest. The word presbyter is commonly here expounded as bishops and priests; although St. Chrysostom understands this as men advanced in age.

Do not be willing to accept an accusation; i.e. do not sit as judge, nor listen to such information. (Witham)
'; var c20 = 'Reprove sinners, so they are public criminals, etc. (Witham)
'; var c21 = 'Without prejudgment] for or against anyone, showing favoritism to either side, holding the scales of justice equally. (Witham)
'; var c22 = 'You should not be quick to impose hands on anyone, in promoting him to be a minister of God by the sacrament of orders, unless he is duly qualified.

Nor should you in this take part in the sins of outsiders, as they make themselves who ordain others rashly. (Witham)
'; var c24 = 'The sins of Some men have been made manifest, etc. These two verses seem connected with the admonition before given, as to ordaining ministers, some men\'s sins and evil life being so manifest, that they are certain to be rejected.

But those of others are manifest later: they appear not until after a trial and examination.

Similarly, too, good deeds, and good lives of some men, are so manifest, that they are easily admitted. And those that are not, (that is, when they are desiring to conceal their virtues) they cannot remain hidden: by an examination and trial they will appear. (Witham)

This refers to what he had said before, that he should not easily ordain others, but pass his judgment with scrutiny and impartiality. But there are some whom the public voice already condemns; their crimes are manifest: and there are others, although bad, whose crimes cannot be proved without examination. (Calmet)

St. Basil thinks it refers to the general judgment. Many both good and bad actions are currently manifest: others will not be known until the day of judgment. Hypocrites are reserved to be judged by the Lord, as we cannot pronounce their actions. (St. Basil, lib. de Virgin.)
'; // Copyright 2009 by Frederick Manligas Nacino. Some rights reserved. // This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify // it under the terms of the Lesser GNU General Public License as published // by the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or // (at your option) any later version. // This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, // but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of // MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the // Lesser GNU General Public License for more details. // See http://www.gnu.org/licenses/. // Visit the project page at http://www.celledoor.com/cpdv-ebe/. // Legal usage requires this notice always remain in place. Do not remove.